Chi Squared test

Used to determine if there is a significant association between categorical variables. It compares observed and expected frequencies to assess independence or relationships.

When to use ✅✅✅

  • Categorical Data: The Chi-Squared test is suitable for analyzing associations between categorical variables.
  • Independence Testing: It helps determine if two categorical variables are independent or related.
  • Frequency Counts: Useful for comparing observed and expected frequency counts in contingency tables.
  • Nominal or Ordinal Data: Works with nominal or ordinal-level data, but not suitable for continuous variables.
  • Large Sample Sizes: The Chi-Squared test performs well with large sample sizes, ensuring accurate results.

Fisher’s exact test

Used when dealing with small sample sizes or rare events. It assesses the association between two categorical variables without assuming normality, making it suitable for sparse data.

When to use ✅✅✅

  • Small Sample Sizes: Fisher’s exact test is suitable for analyzing associations between categorical variables when sample sizes are small.
  • Independence Testing: It helps determine if two categorical variables are independent or related, especially with sparse data.
  • Low Expected Frequencies: When expected frequency counts are below 5, Fisher’s exact test provides more accurate results than the Chi-Squared test.
  • 2×2 Contingency Tables: Specifically designed for 2×2 contingency tables.
  • Nominal or Ordinal Data: Works with nominal or ordinal-level data, but not suitable for continuous variables.

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Statistical tests

There’s a diverse range of statistical tests, each tailored to specific situations. Make sure you use the right one! 😉